1. Introduction 1 2. New forms of coordinating global production and distribution .3 3. Upgrading6 4. Global buyers, access to global markets and upgrading .12 4.1 Upgrading by buyers .12 4.2 Limits and vulnerabilities of buyer-promoted upgrading 15 4.3 Market diversification and learning.20 4.4 Building on buyer linkages: Upgrading in Taiwan, China 21 4.5 The role of trade policy .22 5. Upgrading within chains: Making the chain more sophisticated .23 5.1 Industry co-evolution in the electronics sector24 5.2 ″Growing up with the sector″: The acquisition of capabilities by suppliers in the African horticulture industry 25 5.3 Upgrading strategies for latecomer firms 26 6. The formation of global supply networks.29 6.1 Global first-tier suppliers in the auto industry.30 6.2 Beyond the auto industry.32 6.3 Consequences of the globalization of supply chains .32 7. Value chain strategies for global markets 34
